Chemical transformations
Acid-base, oxidation-reduction, precipitation, complexation, equilibria. The major reaction families to master in high school.
- 01
Acid-base: Brønsted model
Proton donor/acceptor, acid-base couples, water autoprotolysis. Relative strengths, Ka.
11 min - 02
pH and acid/base strength
Defining pH, the scale, computing pH of strong/weak acids. Predominance diagrams.
11 min - 03
Oxidation-reduction
Electron exchange, Ox/Red couples, redox equations. From oxidation number to galvanic cells.
12 min - 04
Precipitation reactions
Solubility product Ksp, precipitation conditions, precipitation titrations.
10 min - 05
Complexation reactions
Ligands, complex ions, formation constants. Iconic examples (copper-ammonia, iron-thiocyanate).
10 min - 06
Chemical equilibria
Reversible reaction, reaction quotient Q, equilibrium constant K. Evolution criterion.
11 min - 07
Le Chatelier's principle
How to perturb an equilibrium (concentration, T, P, adding a product). Industrial applications (Haber-Bosch).
10 min