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3D Bohr-model representation of the Silicon atom (symbol Si, atomic number Z=14). Electron shell configuration: 2, 8, 4 electrons.
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Bohr model · educational
Related lesson
First look at the periodic classification
Reading the table, spotting families (alkali metals, halogens, noble gases). Why some elements share properties.
9 minElectron configuration
Full1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p²
Short[Ne] 3s² 3p²
Valence electrons4
KLMNOPQ shells
K2
L8
M4
Electronegativity
Pauling1.9
Allen1.916
Mulliken (eV)—
Atomic radii
Empirical110 pm
Calculated111 pm
Covalent111 pm
Van der Waals210 pm
Ionic radii (Shannon-Prewitt)
+440 pm
Successive ionisation energies
I₁786.5 kJ/mol
I₂1577.1 kJ/mol
I₃3231.6 kJ/mol
I₄4355.5 kJ/mol
I₅16091 kJ/mol
Electron affinity134.1 kJ/mol
Oxidation states
-4-3-2-1+1+2+3+4
Bold states = most common.