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Rhodium
Block dPeriod 5Group 9solid at 20 °C
Configuration :[Kr] 4d⁸ 5s¹
Atomic mass :102.90549 u
3D Bohr-model representation of the Rhodium atom (symbol Rh, atomic number Z=45). Electron shell configuration: 2, 8, 18, 16, 1 electrons.
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Bohr model · educational
Electron configuration
Full[Kr] 4d⁸ 5s¹
Short[Kr] 4d⁸ 5s¹
Valence electrons9
KLMNOPQ shells
K2
L8
M18
N16
O1
Electronegativity
Pauling2.28
Allen1.56
Mulliken (eV)—
Atomic radii
Empirical135 pm
Calculated173 pm
Covalent142 pm
Van der Waals—
Ionic radii (Shannon-Prewitt)
+366.5 pm
Successive ionisation energies
I₁719.7 kJ/mol
I₂1740 kJ/mol
I₃2997 kJ/mol
Electron affinity109.7 kJ/mol
Oxidation states
-3-10+1+2+3+4+5+6
Bold states = most common.