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3D Bohr-model representation of the Ruthenium atom (symbol Ru, atomic number Z=44). Electron shell configuration: 2, 8, 18, 15, 1 electrons.
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Bohr model · educational
Related lesson
Homogeneous catalysis
Catalysts in solution, transition-metal complexes, Wilkinson's hydrogenation.
13 minElectron configuration
Full1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d⁷ 5s¹
Short[Kr] 4d⁷ 5s¹
Valence electrons8
KLMNOPQ shells
K2
L8
M18
N15
O1
Electronegativity
Pauling2.2
Allen1.54
Mulliken (eV)—
Atomic radii
Empirical130 pm
Calculated178 pm
Covalent146 pm
Van der Waals—
Ionic radii (Shannon-Prewitt)
+462 pm
Successive ionisation energies
I₁710.2 kJ/mol
I₂1620 kJ/mol
I₃2747 kJ/mol
Electron affinity101.3 kJ/mol
Oxidation states
-4-20+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8
Bold states = most common.