3D Bohr-model representation of the Zirconium atom (symbol Zr, atomic number Z=40). Electron shell configuration: 2, 8, 18, 10, 2 electrons.
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Bohr model · educational
Bohr model of zirconium
Zirconium (Zr) has 40 electrons, spread over 5 shells. The diagram places them on circles around the nucleus, from the K shell — the closest — outward.
| Shell | Electrons |
|---|---|
| K (n = 1) | 2 |
| L (n = 2) | 8 |
| M (n = 3) | 18 |
| N (n = 4) | 10 |
| O (n = 5) | 2 |
The Bohr model is a teaching picture: electrons do not travel in circular orbits, but the number of electrons per shell is exact.
Electron configuration
Full1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d² 5s²
Short[Kr] 4d² 5s²
Valence electrons4
KLMNOPQ shells
K2
L8
M18
N10
O2
Electronegativity
Pauling1.33
Allen1.32
Mulliken (eV)—
Atomic radii
Empirical155 pm
Calculated206 pm
Covalent175 pm
Van der Waals—
Ionic radii (Shannon-Prewitt)
+472 pm
Successive ionisation energies
I₁640.1 kJ/mol
I₂1270 kJ/mol
I₃2218 kJ/mol
I₄3313 kJ/mol
I₅7752 kJ/mol
Electron affinity41.1 kJ/mol
Oxidation states
-20+1+2+3+4
Bold states = most common.
Warm-up
Zirconium — do you remember?
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