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12Mg24.305

Magnesium

Alkaline earth metalsBlock sPeriod 3Group 2solid at 20 °C
Configuration :[Ne] 3s²
Atomic mass :24.305 u
French :Magnésium
3D Bohr-model representation of the Magnesium atom (symbol Mg, atomic number Z=12). Electron shell configuration: 2, 8, 2 electrons.
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Bohr model · educational

Electron configuration

Full1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²
Short[Ne] 3s²
Valence electrons2
KLMNOPQ shells
K2
L8
M2

Electronegativity

Pauling1.31
Allen1.293
Mulliken (eV)

Atomic radii

Empirical150 pm
Calculated145 pm
Covalent141 pm
Van der Waals173 pm
Ionic radii (Shannon-Prewitt)
+272 pm

Successive ionisation energies

I₁737.7 kJ/mol
I₂1450.7 kJ/mol
I₃7732.7 kJ/mol
I₄10542.5 kJ/mol
I₅13630 kJ/mol
Electron affinity

Oxidation states

+1+2
Bold states = most common.
Period 3Block sIUPAC Group 2Family Alkaline earth metals
Sources : NIST Atomic Weights & Isotopic Compositions, IUPAC Recommendations, CODATA. Methodology