High school10 min

Stereoisomerism: Z/E, asymmetric carbon, enantiomers

Spot an asymmetric carbon or a Z/E double bond in a structural formula, and say whether two molecules are enantiomers or diastereomers.

The essentials

1

Stereoisomers and conformers

Stereoisomers have the same molecular formula and the same bonds, but a different arrangement in space. Conformers differ only by rotation about a CC\ce{C-C} single bond: they are the same molecule and cannot be isolated. For butane, the staggered anti conformation (CHX3\ce{-CH3} groups at 180180^\circ) is the most stable, ahead of gauche (6060^\circ) and the eclipsed ones.
2

Z/E isomerism

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3

The asymmetric carbon

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4

Enantiomers or diastereomers

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5

R/S configuration and counting

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