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3D Bohr-model representation of the Lead atom (symbol Pb, atomic number Z=82). Electron shell configuration: 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4 electrons.
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Bohr model · educational
Related lesson
Introduction to X-ray diffraction
Bragg's law, single crystals and powders, structural applications (DNA to perovskites).
13 minElectron configuration
Full1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁶ 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p²
Short[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p²
Valence electrons4
KLMNOPQ shells
K2
L8
M18
N32
O18
P4
Electronegativity
Pauling1.87
Allen—
Mulliken (eV)—
Atomic radii
Empirical180 pm
Calculated154 pm
Covalent146 pm
Van der Waals202 pm
Ionic radii (Shannon-Prewitt)
+2119 pm
+477.5 pm
Successive ionisation energies
I₁715.6 kJ/mol
I₂1450.5 kJ/mol
I₃3081.5 kJ/mol
I₄4083 kJ/mol
I₅6640 kJ/mol
Electron affinity35.1 kJ/mol
Oxidation states
-4-2-1+1+2+3+4
Bold states = most common.