3D Bohr-model representation of the Cadmium atom (symbol Cd, atomic number Z=48). Electron shell configuration: 2, 8, 18, 18, 2 electrons.
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Bohr model · educational
Bohr model of cadmium
Cadmium (Cd) has 48 electrons, spread over 5 shells. The diagram places them on circles around the nucleus, from the K shell — the closest — outward.
| Shell | Electrons |
|---|---|
| K (n = 1) | 2 |
| L (n = 2) | 8 |
| M (n = 3) | 18 |
| N (n = 4) | 18 |
| O (n = 5) | 2 |
The Bohr model is a teaching picture: electrons do not travel in circular orbits, but the number of electrons per shell is exact.
Electron configuration
Full1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 5s²
Short[Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s²
Valence electrons12
KLMNOPQ shells
K2
L8
M18
N18
O2
Electronegativity
Pauling1.69
Allen1.521
Mulliken (eV)—
Atomic radii
Empirical155 pm
Calculated161 pm
Covalent144 pm
Van der Waals158 pm
Ionic radii (Shannon-Prewitt)
+295 pm
Successive ionisation energies
I₁867.8 kJ/mol
I₂1631.4 kJ/mol
I₃3616 kJ/mol
Electron affinity—
Oxidation states
-2+1+2
Bold states = most common.
Warm-up
Cadmium — do you remember?
3 questions on this page. The right answer shows every time, and nothing is asked of you to play.
No account · one minute