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56Ba137.327

Barium

Alkaline earth metalsBlock sPeriod 6Group 2solid at 20 °C
Configuration :[Xe] 6s²
Atomic mass :137.327 u
French :Baryum
3D Bohr-model representation of the Barium atom (symbol Ba, atomic number Z=56). Electron shell configuration: 2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 2 electrons.
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Electron configuration

Full[Xe] 6s²
Short[Xe] 6s²
Valence electrons2
KLMNOPQ shells
K2
L8
M18
N18
O8
P2

Electronegativity

Pauling0.89
Allen0.881
Mulliken (eV)

Atomic radii

Empirical215 pm
Calculated253 pm
Covalent215 pm
Van der Waals268 pm
Ionic radii (Shannon-Prewitt)
+2135 pm

Successive ionisation energies

I₁502.9 kJ/mol
I₂965.2 kJ/mol
I₃3600 kJ/mol
Electron affinity13.95 kJ/mol

Oxidation states

+1+2
Bold states = most common.
Period 6Block sIUPAC Group 2Family Alkaline earth metals
Sources : NIST Atomic Weights & Isotopic Compositions, IUPAC Recommendations, CODATA. Methodology