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H₂S

Hydrogen sulfide

IUPAC : Hydrogen sulfide
OtherIndustrialMineral/geological

Colourless gas with a rotten-egg smell, toxic and flammable. Ubiquitous in petroleum and gas reservoirs (sour gas), volcanoes and organic decay. Intermediate of the Claus process (sulfur recovery).

3D ball-and-stick representation of Hydrogen sulfide (formula H₂S). Constituent atoms: H, S.
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Physical properties

Molar mass34.081 g/mol
State at 20 °Cgas
Density
Melting point187.65 K (-85.50 °C)
Boiling point212.84 K (-60.31 °C)
Solubility (H₂O)0.4 g/100 mL à 20 °C
pKapKa₁ ≈ 7.0, pKa₂ ≈ 17

Structure

Crystal system
3D render modeBall-and-stick

Uses and applications

  • Claus process (industrial recovery of sulfur from H₂S)
  • Chemical analysis (selective precipitation of metal sulfides)
  • Petroleum industry (sour-gas treatment)
  • Thermal-spring chemistry (balneotherapy)

Safety (GHS)

GHS02 · FlammableGHS04 · Gas under pressureGHS06 · Acute toxicityGHS09 · Environmental hazard
H statements : H220, H280, H330, H400

Extremely toxic by inhalation — fatal at ~500 ppm. Desensitises the sense of smell at high concentration (false sense of safety). Characteristic rotten-egg smell at low concentration.

Constituent elements

References

PubChem CID402
CAS7783-06-4
SMILESS
Sources : PubChem CID 402 · NIST Chemistry WebBook