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H₂O₂

Hydrogen peroxide

IUPAC : Hydrogen peroxide
OtherEverydayIndustrialPharmaceuticalLaboratory

Universal oxidising and bleaching agent. 3 % hydrogen peroxide is a household antiseptic; at 30–70 % it is a major industrial reagent for pulp and textile bleaching.

3D ball-and-stick representation of Hydrogen peroxide (formula H₂O₂). Constituent atoms: H, O.
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Physical properties

Molar mass34.0147 g/mol
State at 20 °Cliquid
Density1.45 g/cm³
Melting point272.72 K (-0.43 °C)
Boiling point423.35 K (150 °C)
Solubility (H₂O)miscible
Refractive index1.414
pKapKa = 11.6

Structure

Crystal system—
3D render modeBall-and-stick

Uses and applications

  • Household antiseptic (3 %)
  • Bleaching of pulp and textiles
  • Rocket propulsion (concentrated peroxide)
  • Chemical synthesis (epoxidation, mild oxidation)
  • Wastewater treatment
  • Hair bleaching

Safety (GHS)

GHS03 · OxidisingGHS05 · CorrosiveGHS07 · Harmful / irritant
H statements : H271, H302, H314, H332

Powerful oxidiser at high concentration (> 30 %). Dilute (3 % pharmacy) solutions are mildly irritating.

Constituent elements

1H
Hydrogen
8O
Oxygen

References

PubChem CID784
CAS7722-84-1
SMILESOO
Sources : PubChem CID 784 · NIST Chemistry WebBook